Soluzione

Di seguito è riportato un riassunto delle soluzioni ai problemi comuni delle macchine per il taglio laser, combinato con una serie di documenti tecnici ed esperienza pratica nel settore, che coprono aspetti meccanici, ottici, elettrici e di funzionamento e manutenzione e altri aspetti:

 1. Problemi di qualità di taglio

1. Taglio continuo o incisione ruvida

 Controllare se la potenza del laser è troppo bassa e regolare i parametri di potenza del potenziometro o del software.  

Pulire o sostituire le lenti di messa a fuoco contaminate / usurate e le lenti riflettenti per garantire che il percorso della luce sia privo di deviazioni.  

Regolare la lunghezza focale nella posizione ottimale e utilizzare lo strumento di test della posizione di messa a fuoco per calibrare.  

Controllare la purezza del gas ausiliario (ad es. azoto o ossigeno) e regolare la pressione al valore raccomandato.  

2. Deviazione della dimensione di taglio o deformazione del modello

Calibrare l'equivalente di impulso del sistema di controllo numerico e regolare i parametri di passo nel software.  

Controllare se la vite della ruota di sincronizzazione è allentata, se la tensione della cinghia è appropriata e serrare le parti meccaniche.  

Se si verifica una perdita di passo durante il taglio dinamico, è necessario ridurre la velocità di lavorazione o controllare la stabilità del driver del motore.  

3. Bave o scintille anormali

Sostituire gli ugelli usurati e ottimizzare la pressione del gas (ad esempio, passare all'azoto per il taglio dell'acciaio inossidabile).  

Controllare l'offset della posizione di messa a fuoco del laser e ricalibrare il percorso ottico.  

Per materiali altamente riflettenti (ad esempio alluminio, rame), utilizzare la tecnologia di perforazione a impulsi o aggiungere rivestimenti antiriflesso.  

 Guasti meccanici ed elettrici

1. Movimento anomalo della macchina (camminata casuale, bloccata)

Controllare il collegamento a terra per eliminare le interferenze statiche.  

Verificare se l'albero motore è rotto, se il cuscinetto della ruota sincrona è danneggiato e sostituire le parti danneggiate in tempo.  

Controllare la tensione di alimentazione del driver (di solito 24-60 V CC) e utilizzare un multimetro per verificare la stabilità dell'alimentazione switching.  

2. Guasto del laser o attenuazione di potere

Controllare se il sistema di circolazione dell'acqua è normale e sostituire l'acqua di raffreddamento se la temperatura dell'acqua supera i 40 ° C.  

Cortocircuitare il test del segnale AIN e + 5V dell'alimentatore laser, se la luce esce, è un guasto del potenziometro.  

Sostituire il tubo laser invecchiato (se l'attenuazione della luce supera il 20%) o la parte di accensione della linea ad alta tensione. La maggior parte dei guasti può essere risolta mediante la risoluzione dei problemi di base (come la pulizia dell'obiettivo, il controllo dell'alimentazione). Problemi complessi devono essere combinati con manuali di apparecchiature e supporto professionale. La manutenzione regolare può ridurre i guasti improvvisi dell '80%. Per gli utenti di livello aziendale, si consiglia di prestare attenzione alla tendenza degli aggiornamenti delle apparecchiature intelligenti per migliorare la competitività a lungo termine. Per casi più dettagliati, fare riferimento alla libreria dei guasti di International Metal Processing Network.

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